After using mobile phones to take pictures for so long, have you ever thought about the principle of camera photography? The composition of a small lens can take colorful photos, which makes us feel magical but also want to understand the principle behind it. In this blog post, we will discuss the structure of mobile phone cameras and how they work.
The Composition Structure and Working Principle of the Camera
PCB Board
The printed circuit board used in the camera is divided into hard board, soft board, and soft and hard combined board
Lens
A lens is a device that images a scene on a sensor, usually consisting of several lenses. From the material point of view, the camera lens can be divided into plastic lens and glass lens. The lens has two more important parameters: aperture and focal length.
Aperture
The aperture is installed on the lens to control the amount of light through the lens to the sensor device, in addition to controlling the amount of light, the aperture also has the function of controlling the depth of field, the larger the aperture, the smaller the depth of field, usually in the portrait when the background hazy effect is a reflection of small depth of field.
Focus Distance
Focal length is the distance between the center point of the lens and the sharp image formed on the sensor plane.
Fixator and Color Filter
The function of the fixer is actually to fix the lens, and there is a color filter on the fixer. The filter is divided into two ways, one is RGB primary color separation, and the other is CMYK complementary color separation. The function of the filter is to filter out the color, ensuring that the light perceived by each diode is monochromatic.
DSP
Also called a digital signal processing chip: its function is to optimize the digital image signal through a series of complex mathematical algorithms, and finally transmit the processed signal to the display.
Sensor
Sensor is the core of camera composition, but also the most critical technology. There are two main types, CCD (charge-coupled device) and CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor).
Flash Lamp
Flash is one of the ways to increase the exposure of the camera, in the low light environment will light up the surrounding scenery, so as to make up for the lack of light, and improve the brightness of the picture. In addition, in a complex light environment, the use of flash can remove stray light, so that the color of the photo is more real.
Image Quality
Image quality refers to the performance of imaging, testing image quality needs testing a number of aspects, such as exposure, sharpness, color, texture, noise, anti-handshake, flash, focus, artifacts, and so on.
Dual Camera
In fact, the theoretical basis of the double camera is to spread out the optical system that originally required vertical space on the plane of the horizontal space. In this way, the imaging level is achieved, and the camera will not affect the overall beauty of the phone. However, nowadays better phones will have three or more cameras, such as the HONOR X7, which has four cameras, respectively 48MP main camera, a 5MP wide-angle camera, a Depth camera, and a Macro camera, Coordinated cameras like this will take more stable and better pictures.
Focal Length and Angle of View
Focal length: Focal length is one of the main performances of photographic lenses, refers to the distance from the optical center of the lens to the focal plane (film or image sensor CCD or CMOS), expressed in f, unit mm.
Zoom
zoom is an important capability of the lens, including optical zoom and digital zoom.
Conclusion
In addition to the above composition structure, there are many small parts that are not explained, there are so many small parts of the composition of the camera, does it feel amazing? When buying a mobile phone, you can also take a look at the lens composition, and the camera capacity of more than 2 cameras will be better.
